Trott Bailey Family Abundance · Country Profile

India

Tracking baselineEvidence through 1 Oct 2026
TBF Rank #122 of 243 countries
IndiaTrending down: previously #121, now #122.Recent recorded movements
  1. #121 → #1226 Oct 2026 · 19:42 GMT-0500
  2. #119 → #1216 Oct 2026 · 18:46 GMT-0500
  3. #46 → #1196 Oct 2026 · 18:46 GMT-0500
TBF Abundance Score -61.8 Evidence before Abundance Gate +33.8 National Abundance Gate Money-gated · graded GDP Rank #6 Coverage 88% Categories scored14 / 16

Money Gate 20 · Overall Gate 0.7.0

Five basics stand between this country and zero

This older research pack has not yet received a direct five-part Money Gate audit. Its historical Reach/Friction evidence is compressed to a maximum transitional 4/20 so we do not invent free-access points that were never researched.

Money Gate score 2.5 / 20 Cash-Register Lock 87.8 / 100 Friction Economy Pressure 78.0 / 100 Money-gated ceiling -42.9
Food Pending Housing / Land Pending Healthcare Pending Transportation Pending Water / Energy Pending
9% weightHuman Time & Burden Return
+20.0

Whether productivity, infrastructure and institutions return usable lifetime to people and families.

TBFC target: Necessary contribution should not require people to sell most of their waking life merely to retain access to food, shelter, care and ordinary family life.

Access-gate research question: How much paid work or income-producing activity is required before an ordinary household can keep access to basic life, and what usable family time remains afterward?

Capacity+65.0
Reach+45.0
Friction-60.0
Return / Regeneration+20.0

Abundance Gap: +20.0

TBF reading

India has enormous productive capacity, but the time burden remains heavy. PLFS recorded 41.7 average weekly hours across workers and 48.2 among regular wage/salaried workers in April-June 2024. The 2024 Time Use Survey also shows a large unpaid domestic-work imbalance: female participants averaged 289 minutes per day versus 88 minutes for male participants. The score therefore recognizes capacity while treating paid and unpaid time pressure as a major friction.

Published indicators

Average hours actually worked per week — all workers41.70 hours/week

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation · 2024

Source
Average hours actually worked per week — regular wage/salaried workers48.20 hours/week

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation · 2024

Source
Female participants: unpaid domestic services for household members289.00 minutes/day

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation · 2024

Source
Male participants: unpaid domestic services for household members88.00 minutes/day

Ministry of Statistics and Programme Implementation · 2024

Source
8% weightHousing, Shelter & Housing Reach
+28.8

Whether adequate shelter physically exists and actually reaches people without excessive cost, exclusion or vacancy mismatch.

TBFC target: Adequate family shelter should remain reachable without lifetime dependence on rent, mortgage debt or ability to pay.

Access-gate research question: What share of ordinary shelter access depends on rent, mortgage debt, purchase price or other recurring payment, and what dependable non-market routes exist at national scale?

Capacity+80.0
Reach+45.0
Friction-55.0
Return / Durability+45.0

Abundance Gap: +35.0

TBF reading

India demonstrates substantial housing-construction capacity: the PMAY-Urban dashboard reports more than 10.0 million completed houses and roughly 12.5 million sanctioned. Reach is not treated as equivalent to programme scale. NHB’s 50-city house-price index still rose 5.0% year on year in October-December 2025, and the available current national evidence does not justify claiming that adequate housing is broadly affordable or universally reachable.

Published indicators

PMAY-Urban houses completed10,026,000.00 houses

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs · 2026

Source
PMAY-Urban houses sanctioned12,493,000.00 houses

Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs · 2026

Source
NHB 50-city housing price index annual change5.00 percent

National Housing Bank · 2025

Source
9% weightFood, Nourishment & Free Food Abundance
+43.3

Physical food and nutrient capacity, nourishment reach, waste/loss, public edible landscapes and free food access.

TBFC target: Nutritious food should exist in multiplying abundance and remain reachable even when a household has no money to spend.

Access-gate research question: Can people obtain adequate nutritious food when they cannot pay, and are free/public/productive-food routes large enough to be ordinary rather than exceptional?

Capacity+90.0
Reach+75.0
Friction / Waste-55.0
Return / Multiplication+55.0

Abundance Gap: +15.0

TBF reading

India has unusually large direct food-access capacity. About 80.67 crore people were covered by NFSA in the 2024-25 annual report and current policy provides eligible households free foodgrain through the five-year PMGKAY continuation from January 2024. Nutrition outcomes remain a major counterweight: among Anganwadi-enrolled children measured in October 2025, Poshan Tracker reported 33% stunting, 14% underweight and 5% wasting. These programme data are not treated as a nationally representative survey.

Published indicators

People covered under National Food Security Act806,700,000.00 people

Department of Food and Public Distribution · 2025

Source
Free foodgrain entitlement for Priority Households5.00 kg/person/month

Department of Food and Public Distribution · 2026

Source
Stunting among measured Anganwadi-enrolled children under five33.00 percent

Ministry of Women and Child Development / Press Information Bureau · 2025

Source
Underweight among measured Anganwadi-enrolled children under five14.00 percent

Ministry of Women and Child Development / Press Information Bureau · 2025

Source
Wasting among measured Anganwadi-enrolled children under five5.00 percent

Ministry of Women and Child Development / Press Information Bureau · 2025

Source
6% weightWater & Sanitation Abundance
+45.3

Safe water, sanitation, reliability, capture, reuse, storage and living-landscape water capacity.

TBFC target: Safe water and sanitation should be dependable life infrastructure, not conditional on household purchasing power.

Access-gate research question: Can households retain safe water and sanitation when income falls, and which payment, disconnection or infrastructure barriers interrupt access?

Capacity+85.0
Reach+75.0
Friction / Loss-45.0
Return / Regeneration+60.0

Abundance Gap: +10.0

TBF reading

India has rapidly expanded physical water and sanitation systems, but connection and functionality must be separated. By July 2026, 82.09% of rural households were reported with tap water connections. The 2024 independent functionality assessment found 76% of sampled household tap connections met the combined quantity, quality and regularity test. Rural sanitation infrastructure and ODF Plus reach are very large, while safe, reliable service and long-term operations remain the key friction.

Published indicators

Rural households reported with tap water supply82.09 percent

Ministry of Jal Shakti / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Household tap connections meeting combined functionality test76.00 percent

Ministry of Jal Shakti / Press Information Bureau · 2024

Source
Villages attaining ODF Plus status96.00 percent

Government of India / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Individual household toilets constructed under SBM-Grameen121,900,000.00 toilets

Government of India / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
5% weightEnergy & Household Capability
+54.5

Whether usable, reliable energy reaches households and removes burdens across water, food, health, cooling, cooking and movement.

TBFC target: Essential household energy should support cooking, cooling, water, food preservation and care without money becoming the switch that turns basic capability on or off.

Access-gate research question: Can households retain essential energy for cooking, cooling, water and food preservation when they cannot pay, and how often does price or disconnection reduce capability?

Capacity+90.0
Reach+85.0
Friction-30.0
Return / Burden Removed+65.0

Abundance Gap: +5.0

TBF reading

Electricity access is near universal in the World Bank series and the national energy-shortage measure fell to 0.0% in FY2025-26. Installed non-fossil capacity exceeded half of the system, while PMUY has provided more than 10.57 crore free LPG connections. The score remains below the highest range because national supply adequacy does not prove local reliability or affordability, and PMUY beneficiaries averaged 4.71 refills in FY2025-26 rather than unrestricted clean-cooking use.

Published indicators

Access to electricity99.90 percent

World Bank · 2024

Source
National energy shortage0.00 percent

Ministry of Power / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Non-fossil share of installed electricity capacity54.40 percent

Ministry of New and Renewable Energy / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Free LPG connections provided under PMUY105,700,000.00 connections

Government of India / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Average annual LPG refills among PMUY beneficiaries4.71 refills/year

Government of India / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
7% weightHealth & Care Reach
+36.0

Whether prevention, primary care, medicine, maternity care, dentistry and specialist capability reach people when needed.

TBFC target: Prevention, maternity, dentistry, medicine and necessary treatment should be reachable because care is needed, not because payment can be produced.

Access-gate research question: Can necessary care be obtained because it is needed, or do price, insurance, employment, debt or other financial tests materially delay or prevent access?

Capacity+80.0
Reach+65.0
Friction-60.0
Return / Prevention+55.0

Abundance Gap: +15.0

TBF reading

India has built very large health-access systems: AB-PMJAY had authorized 12.69 crore cashless hospital admissions by June 2026 and more than 45.5 crore Ayushman cards had been issued by August. Outcomes have improved, including an MMR of 88 in 2021-23. Reach and household protection remain incomplete: the latest cited National Health Accounts estimate still placed out-of-pocket spending at 43.4% of total health expenditure in 2022-23, while life expectancy was 72 years in 2024.

Published indicators

Life expectancy at birth72.00 years

World Bank · 2024

Source
Maternal mortality ratio88.00 deaths/100000 live births

Registrar General of India / Ministry of Health and Family Welfare · 2023

Source
Cashless hospital admissions authorized under AB-PMJAY126,900,000.00 admissions

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Ayushman cards issued455,000,000.00 cards

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Out-of-pocket expenditure as share of total health expenditure43.40 percent

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare / Press Information Bureau · 2023

Source
6% weightEducation & Human Capability
+41.5

Foundational learning plus practical, technical and enduring civilization capability retained by people.

TBFC target: Foundational learning and useful capability should be reachable as part of civilization life rather than purchased according to family income.

Access-gate research question: Which essential learning and capability routes are genuinely reachable regardless of family income, and where do fees, debt or paid enrichment create decisive access gaps?

Capacity+90.0
Reach+70.0
Friction-55.0
Return / Capability+55.0

Abundance Gap: +20.0

TBF reading

India has one of the world’s largest education systems, with 24.69 crore students in recognized schools and an 80.9% literacy rate among people age seven and above. Reach remains incomplete: secondary-stage GER was 68.5% and the 2024-25 secondary dropout rate 11.5%. PARAKH 2024 also shows that enrolment cannot stand in for mastery: Grade 6 mathematics averaged 46%, and Grade 9 mathematics remained the weakest assessed subject. Capacity is therefore high, while learning and progression frictions materially reduce the score.

Published indicators

Students reported in recognized schools246,900,000.00 students

Ministry of Education · 2025

Source
Literacy rate, population age 7 years and above80.90 percent

Ministry of Education citing PLFS 2023-24 · 2024

Source
Gross enrolment ratio — secondary stage68.50 percent

Department of School Education & Literacy · 2025

Source
Annual dropout rate — secondary level11.50 percent

Ministry of Education / UDISE+ · 2025

Source
PARAKH national average — Grade 3 language64.00 percent correct

PARAKH, NCERT · 2024

Source
PARAKH national average — Grade 6 mathematics46.00 percent correct

PARAKH, NCERT · 2024

Source
PARAKH national average — Grade 9 mathematics37.00 percent correct

PARAKH, NCERT · 2024

Source
4% weightMobility & Reachability
+36.0

Local, regional and national movement that connects people to family, services, work, learning and public life without consuming excessive time.

TBFC target: Ordinary local and regional movement should be available for family, care, learning and civic life without travel becoming a paywall.

Access-gate research question: Can ordinary people reach family, care, learning and public life without high recurring fares, vehicle costs, debt or fuel dependence?

Capacity+90.0
Reach+65.0
Friction-70.0
Return / Time+55.0

Abundance Gap: +25.0

TBF reading

India has enormous transport capacity: Indian Railways carried 741 crore passenger journeys in FY2025-26 and the metro network exceeded 1,155 km across 26 cities with more than 1.15 crore daily journeys. Reach is uneven across a vast population and road safety remains a severe burden: MoRTH records around 180,000 road deaths in 2024. Rail safety has improved sharply, but that return does not erase the road-system friction.

Published indicators

Indian Railways passenger journeys7,410,000,000.00 passenger journeys

Ministry of Railways / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Operational metro network length1,155.00 km

Press Information Bureau / Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs · 2026

Source
Metro daily passenger journeys11,500,000.00 passenger journeys/day

Press Information Bureau / Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs · 2026

Source
People killed in road accidents180,000.00 people

Ministry of Road Transport & Highways · 2024

Source
Consequential railway accidents16.00 accidents

Ministry of Railways / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
8% weightFamily Formation, Continuity & Child Stability
+32.8

Conditions that let people form stable families, raise children, share parental time and continue family life without punishing material barriers.

TBFC target: People should be able to form, continue and multiply family life. Trott Bailey Family Civilization uses 5.0 children per woman as the fertility target; 2.1 is the replacement floor, not the aspiration, while housing, care, food and time should not be withheld behind financial thresholds.

Access-gate research question: How strongly do housing, childcare, health, food and work-income requirements delay or destabilize family formation and continuity, and is total fertility moving above replacement toward the 5.0-children-per-woman civilization target?

Capacity+75.0
Reach+60.0
Friction-55.0
Return / Continuity+45.0

Abundance Gap: +15.0

TBF reading

India’s family profile is mixed. NFHS-5 recorded fertility close to replacement at 2.0 children per woman, while PMMVY has delivered maternity cash support to more than 4.3 crore beneficiaries cumulatively. At the same time, 23.3% of women age 20-24 had married before 18 and 6.8% of girls age 15-19 were already mothers or pregnant in NFHS-5; the 2023-24 sex ratio at birth was 930 girls per 1,000 boys. The score recognizes large family-support capacity without treating programme reach as universal family security.

Published indicators

Total fertility rate2.00 children/woman

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare · 2021

Source
Women age 20-24 married before age 1823.30 percent

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare · 2021

Source
Women age 15-19 already mothers or pregnant6.80 percent

Ministry of Health and Family Welfare · 2021

Source
PMMVY beneficiaries paid cumulatively43,200,000.00 beneficiaries

Ministry of Women and Child Development · 2026

Source
Sex ratio at birth930.00 girls per 1000 boys

Ministry of Women and Child Development · 2024

Source
5% weightLand Access & Spatial Freedom
+18.0

Whether land and settlement choice reach ordinary people rather than opportunity being functionally trapped inside expensive commercial centres.

TBFC target: Suitable productive land and settlement opportunity should not be functionally reserved for those able to outbid everyone else.

Access-gate research question: Can ordinary families gain secure use of suitable productive ground without first accumulating enough money to purchase, finance or outbid others?

Capacity+70.0
Reach+35.0
Friction / Concentration-65.0
Return / Productive Ground+30.0

Abundance Gap: +35.0

TBF reading

India has immense physical land and a large rural land-based economy, but household spatial access is highly compressed. In the latest nationally comparable NSS landholding survey, 83.5% of rural households possessed less than one hectare, and only 0.2% possessed ten hectares or more. The evidence is older than the other India passes and is therefore dated explicitly. Capacity exists, but broad household-level spatial freedom is limited.

Published indicators

Rural households possessing less than 1 hectare of land83.50 percent

National Statistical Office, MoSPI · 2019

Source
Agricultural households as share of rural households54.00 percent

National Statistical Office, MoSPI · 2019

Source
Rural households possessing 10 hectares or more0.20 percent

National Statistical Office, MoSPI · 2019

Source
6% weightPeace of Mind, Happiness, Beauty & Delight
+23.8

Peace of mind, social support, everyday safety, public beauty, recreation, nature, culture and delight reachable without constant payment.

TBFC target: Beauty, nature, recreation, rest and public delight should belong to ordinary life rather than appearing mainly after payment.

Access-gate research question: How much everyday rest, nature, recreation, culture and public beauty is freely reachable, rather than principally accessed through paid venues, travel or private property?

Capacity+65.0
Reach+45.0
Friction-60.0
Return / Delight+45.0

Abundance Gap: +20.0

TBF reading

The evidence is mixed and deliberately modest. India’s 2023-2025 Gallup life-evaluation average was 4.536 on a 0-10 scale. The 2024 Time Use Survey shows very broad participation in culture, leisure, mass media and sport and 171 minutes per day among participants, but those activities include screen/media time and do not establish equal access to quiet, public beauty, nature or restorative space. The score therefore avoids turning cultural richness into an assumed lived-outcome bonus.

Published indicators

Average life evaluation4.54 0-10 scale

World Happiness Report / Oxford Wellbeing Research Centre · 2025

Source
Participation in culture, leisure, mass-media and sports activities93.00 percent

National Statistical Office, MoSPI · 2024

Source
Time in culture, leisure, mass-media and sports per participant171.00 minutes/day

National Statistical Office, MoSPI · 2024

Source
6% weightLiving Ground, Biodiversity & Resilience
+35.8

Whether soil, forests, wetlands, habitat, pollinators, species and water-holding landscapes are strengthening rather than being consumed.

TBFC target: Regenerating soil, water, habitat and food-bearing landscapes should be maintained as shared life-supporting capacity rather than only where a transaction makes them profitable.

Access-gate research question: Are regenerative land, water and habitat functions maintained as life-supporting infrastructure even when no direct commercial return is available?

Capacity+75.0
Reach / Ecological Function+60.0
Friction / Loss-55.0
Return / Regeneration+65.0

Abundance Gap: +15.0

TBF reading

India retains very large ecological assets and an expanding formal conservation network. ISFR 2023 reports forest and tree cover at 25.17% of geographical area with a 1,445.81 km² net increase from 2021; protected areas have expanded to 1,134 and Ramsar sites reached 101 by August 2026. Pressure remains substantial: World Bank data put freshwater withdrawals at 45% of internal renewable resources. National net gains also cannot rule out local habitat degradation, so regeneration is credited without assuming ecosystem health is uniformly improving.

Published indicators

Forest and tree cover25.17 percent of geographical area

Forest Survey of India / Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change · 2023

Source
Increase in forest and tree cover since prior assessment1,445.81 sq km

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change / Press Information Bureau · 2023

Source
Notified protected areas1,134.00 protected areas

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Ramsar wetlands101.00 sites

Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Annual freshwater withdrawals as share of internal renewable resources45.00 percent

World Bank · 2022

Source
5% weightJustice, Safety & Institutional Friction
+22.8

Physical safety, usable justice, legal identity, reliable public administration and low needless institutional burden.

TBFC target: Usable justice, legal identity, safety and ordinary administration should remain accessible regardless of wealth.

Access-gate research question: Do fees, legal costs, bail, fines, documentation costs or ability to hire expertise materially change access to justice, safety or public administration?

Capacity+70.0
Reach+45.0
Friction-75.0
Return / Reliability+55.0

Abundance Gap: +25.0

TBF reading

India has a very large formal justice system and rapidly expanding digital access, including more than 1.03 crore e-filed cases and thousands of e-Sewa Kendras. The friction remains severe: the live NJDG district/subordinate dashboard showed about 52.25 million pending cases, 9% older than ten years, while Prison Statistics India 2023 reported national prison occupancy at 120.8%. Capacity and digitisation are credited, but backlog, delay and overcrowding materially reduce usable justice and institutional ease.

Published indicators

Pending cases in district and subordinate courts52,253,524.00 cases

National Judicial Data Grid, eCourts Services · 2026

Source
Pending district/subordinate court cases older than 10 years9.00 percent

National Judicial Data Grid, eCourts Services · 2026

Source
All-India prison occupancy rate120.80 percent

National Crime Records Bureau / Open Government Data Platform India · 2023

Source
Cases submitted through e-filing in High Courts and District Courts10,396,720.00 cases

Department of Justice, Ministry of Law and Justice · 2025

Source
4% weightDurability, Repair & Material Return
+40.8

Whether useful materials, infrastructure and goods are maintained, repairable, recovered and cycled instead of repeatedly becoming waste.

TBFC target: Repair, maintenance and useful material circulation should protect capability instead of forcing repeated repurchase as the default route to continued use.

Access-gate research question: Do repair and maintenance remain practically accessible, or do pricing, proprietary restrictions and replacement incentives turn continued use into repeated purchasing?

Capacity+75.0
Reach+65.0
Friction / Waste-45.0
Return / Circularity+70.0

Abundance Gap: +10.0

TBF reading

Material-return systems have expanded substantially. SBM-Urban reported 97% ward door-to-door waste collection, 81% waste processing and 65% remediation of 26 crore metric tons of legacy waste by May 2026. CPCB reported 70.71% of estimated FY2024-25 e-waste collected, dismantled and recycled/disposed, while the national Right to Repair framework provides repair information and service routes. The remaining unprocessed waste, legacy dumpsites and uneven practical repairability keep the category well below full abundance.

Published indicators

Urban wards covered by door-to-door waste collection97.00 percent

Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Urban solid waste processing rate81.00 percent

Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
Legacy dumpsite waste remediated under SBM-Urban65.00 percent

Ministry of Housing & Urban Affairs / Press Information Bureau · 2026

Source
E-waste collected, dismantled and recycled/disposed70.71 percent of generated e-waste

Central Pollution Control Board / Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change / PIB · 2025

Source

Verified evidence

India operates a national Right to Repair portal and framework

The Department of Consumer Affairs describes the framework as giving consumers access to product information, service networks, genuine spare-part prices and repair options so products can be maintained or repaired by consumers or third parties rather than automatically replaced.

Department of Consumer Affairs — Right to Repair India

Trott Bailey Family Civilization Target

The end state: life beyond monetary gatekeeping

Trott Bailey Family Civilization treats money as an exchange tool rather than a prerequisite for access to life. The long-run abundance target is that food, water, shelter, care, education, mobility, land access and ordinary public life remain reachable even when a person cannot pay.

This target is an authored civilization standard. The diagnostic evidence score can now draw from all 16 weighted categories. The five-part Money Gate remains a separate domestic threshold asking whether food, housing/land, healthcare, transportation and water/energy are genuinely reachable without payment before any civilization can cross zero.

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