Earliest recorded position in this interval.
Rank— → #140National score— → —
World Wealthiest Country · Abundance history
Nepal 🇳🇵 · Country History
Movement in the World Wealthiest Country Abundance Scorecard, measured through access to life rather than GDP or money. Every archived point adjustment and source remains available; unchanged observations are condensed by date, not deleted.
World Wealthiest Country · Recorded rank history
64 meaningful rank/score point(s)Dated changes with readable spacing · diagonal lines show rank movement · horizontal lines show held positions · scroll left for earlier dates.
National score over the same dates
The rank can hold while points move. This chart shows only actually recorded score readings; its vertical scale follows the visible minimum and maximum.
Dots mark initial readings and rank or score changes; unchanged readings extend a dated interval. Select a dot for the score and related archived events.
Selected rank observation
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #57 to #140 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#57 → #140National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#140 → #143National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #140 to #143 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#140 → #143National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#143 → #144National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #143 to #144 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#143 → #144National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
National score changed while rank held.
Rank#144 → #144National score— → -63.83
Held through 9 Oct 2026 · 07:51 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
No additional field-by-field change record was found at this date; older missing details are not reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#144 → #154National score-63.83 → -65.11
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #144 to #154 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #154National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#154 → #153National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 11 Oct 2026 · 12:02 GMT-0500; 26 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #154 to #153 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#154 → #153National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Puerto Rico #147 → #158; points -64.37 → -65.67
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#153 → #154National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 11 Oct 2026 · 12:02 GMT-0500; 12 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #153 to #154 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#153 → #154National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that moved ahead of this country (1)
- South Africa #157 → #141; points -65.56 → -63.77
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#154 → #153National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 11 Oct 2026 · 12:02 GMT-0500; 26 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #154 to #153 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#154 → #153National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- New Zealand #150 → #155; points -64.65 → -64.65
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#153 → #149National score-65.11 → -65.71
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 11 Oct 2026 · 12:03 GMT-0500; 1 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #153 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#153 → #149National score-65.11 → -65.71
Countries that fell below this country (5)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis #132 → #150; points -62.90 → -65.71
- Estonia #136 → #152; points -63.52 → -65.97
- Ghana #152 → #153; points -65.04 → -66.28
- Dominica #149 → #157; points -64.51 → -66.51
- Aruba #151 → #161; points -64.73 → -67.27
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | -27.00 | -27.00 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
Recorded reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (2)
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
Sources archived after the change (2)
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #151 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#151 → #149National score-65.11 → -65.71
Countries that fell below this country (4)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis #127 → #150; points -62.90 → -65.71
- Estonia #132 → #152; points -63.52 → -65.97
- Ghana #150 → #153; points -65.04 → -66.28
- Dominica #147 → #157; points -64.51 → -66.51
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Rank#152 → #148National score-65.11 → -65.71
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#149 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #148 to #147 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #149 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#149 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #149 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#149 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #147 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#147 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #147 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#147 → #149National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#147 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 12 Oct 2026 · 05:13 GMT-0500; 3 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
No additional field-by-field change record was found at this date; older missing details are not reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 12 Oct 2026 · 05:13 GMT-0500; 3 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
No additional field-by-field change record was found at this date; older missing details are not reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#147 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #148 to #147 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- New Zealand Previously #147; no longer ranked in this snapshot; points -65.36 → -65.36
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 12 Oct 2026 · 05:13 GMT-0500; 4 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
No additional field-by-field change record was found at this date; older missing details are not reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#147 → #146National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 12 Oct 2026 · 05:13 GMT-0500; 4 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
No additional field-by-field change record was found at this date; older missing details are not reconstructed.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#146 → #145National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #145 to #144 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#145 → #144National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#145 → #144National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #144 to #146 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #146National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #144 to #145 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #145National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#144 → #146National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 12 Oct 2026 · 06:17 GMT-0500; 1292 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #145 to #146 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#145 → #146National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#146 → #145National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #146 to #145 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#146 → #145National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Jordan #135 → #150; points -64.61 → -64.61
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#145 → #144National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #145 to #144 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#145 → #144National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Cambodia #136 → #154; points -64.77 → -64.77
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#144 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.98
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
International Accessibility, Migration & Human Welcome changed from pending to 1.25. Review the recorded rails, explanation and source records below.
International Accessibility, Migration & Human Welcome
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | — | 1.25 |
| Base category score | — | 1.25 |
| Research coverage (%) | — | 100.00 |
| Category weight (%) | — | 6.00 |
| Entry Accessibility (25%) | — | 10.00 |
| Migrant Practical Life (30%) | — | -5.00 |
| Refugee / Neighbour Welcome (25%) | — | 5.00 |
| Flexibility / Continuity (20%) | — | -5.00 |
Updated reasoning
TBF provisional authored four-rail assessment: 25% entry, 30% practical migrant life, 25% refugee/neighbour welcome, 20% continuity. Reuses original country research; no undocumented eVisa/birthright credits; review national visa and citizenship exceptions before changing these points.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Family unity, citizenship continuity and predictable renewal of stay. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Landlocked geography, border/transit dependence and passport/visa constraints limit frictionless access. Money gate: International movement is strongly money/document gated. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Refugee reception, host communities and international protection. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Landlocked geography, border/transit dependence and passport/visa constraints limit frictionless access. Money gate: International movement is strongly money/document gated. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Migration, residency and actual ability to live safely with services. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Landlocked geography, border/transit dependence and passport/visa constraints limit frictionless access. Money gate: International movement is strongly money/document gated. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Lawful entry and practical travel options, visa rules and reachable borders. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Landlocked geography, border/transit dependence and passport/visa constraints limit frictionless access. Money gate: International movement is strongly money/document gated. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Landlocked geography, border/transit dependence and passport/visa constraints limit frictionless access. Money gate: International movement is strongly money/document gated.
External Footprint & Non-Extractive Global Conduct changed from pending to -0.5. Review the recorded rails, explanation and source records below.
External Footprint & Non-Extractive Global Conduct
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | — | -0.50 |
| Base category score | — | -0.50 |
| Research coverage (%) | — | 100.00 |
| Category weight (%) | — | 6.00 |
| Positive Contribution (25%) | — | 5.00 |
| Mutuality / Local Benefit (25%) | — | 5.00 |
| Documented Harm / Extraction (35%) | — | -15.00 |
| Accountability / Repair (15%) | — | 0.00 |
Updated reasoning
TBF provisional footprint ordinal judgment: 25% useful contribution + 25% mutual benefit + 20% non-trade harm/repair + 15% exporter + 15% importer. HS3915 exporter/importer role unverified; two trade inputs remain unassessed (0 neutral placeholder, NOT proof zero waste or no harm). Trade inputs may change the category when substantiated. No second waste deduction.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Trade-flow scrutiny: volume/handling unknown unless a dated customs record is present. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Imported goods/fuels and transboundary pollution complicate territorial-only assessment. Money gate: Externalized consumption footprint not quantified here. HS3915 export/import weights and destination-processing pathways were not independently confirmed in this pass; no illegal dumping or zero trade is asserted. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
External social/ecological harm and attempted repair. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Imported goods/fuels and transboundary pollution complicate territorial-only assessment. Money gate: Externalized consumption footprint not quantified here. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Mutuality, dignity and shared benefit to residents and partner communities. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Imported goods/fuels and transboundary pollution complicate territorial-only assessment. Money gate: Externalized consumption footprint not quantified here. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Helpful international contributions and transferable capacity. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Imported goods/fuels and transboundary pollution complicate territorial-only assessment. Money gate: Externalized consumption footprint not quantified here. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Imported goods/fuels and transboundary pollution complicate territorial-only assessment. Money gate: Externalized consumption footprint not quantified here.
Water & Sanitation Abundance supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Water & Sanitation Abundance
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 29.75 | 29.75 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured.
Peace of Mind, Happiness, Beauty & Delight supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Peace of Mind, Happiness, Beauty & Delight
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 33.25 | 33.25 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established.
Mobility & Reachability supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Mobility & Reachability
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 21.00 | 21.00 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both.
Living Ground, Biodiversity & Resilience supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Living Ground, Biodiversity & Resilience
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 38.75 | 38.75 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance.
Land Access & Spatial Freedom supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Land Access & Spatial Freedom
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 30.75 | 30.75 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction.
Justice, Safety & Institutional Friction supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Justice, Safety & Institutional Friction
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 28.50 | 28.50 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction.
Human Time & Burden Return supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Human Time & Burden Return
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 16.75 | 16.75 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP.
Sources archived after the change (6)
Employment-to-population ratio is a labour-market indicator. It does not reveal domestic care work, multiple-job overlap, commuting or daily disposable time for a family of five. Retain the earlier authored Human Time judgment until a specific time-use series is verified.
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP.
Housing, Shelter & Housing Reach supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Housing, Shelter & Housing Reach
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 28.50 | 28.50 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source.
Health & Care Reach supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Health & Care Reach
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 27.25 | 27.25 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability.
Food, Nourishment & Free Food Abundance supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Food, Nourishment & Free Food Abundance
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 29.50 | 29.50 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges.
Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | -27.00 | -27.00 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (2)
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
Sources archived after the change (6)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
Energy & Household Capability supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Energy & Household Capability
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 43.50 | 43.50 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data.
Education & Human Capability supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Education & Human Capability
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 32.25 | 32.25 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes.
Durability, Repair & Material Return supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Durability, Repair & Material Return
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 17.50 | 17.50 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
The evidence explanation changed; the category score stayed the same.
Updated reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage. Documentation review 2026-10-14: historic four-rail numerical assessment preserved; links support country context, not exact numeric point precision. 100% means source/rail documentation, NOT nationally verified no-payment access.
Earlier reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (1)
Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity.
Sources archived after the change (5)
Time, reliability, resilience and practical family benefit. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Costs, gatekeeping, recurring household payments and dependency. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Reach to ordinary families and geographic/financial exclusions. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Available productive capacity and relevant national systems. Prior researched country observation: Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity. Point values are TBF authored judgements; cited source supplies context and cannot alone verify full reach or the exact score.
Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity.
Money Gate (separate 20-point gate) changed from 2.17 to 2.5. Review the recorded rails, explanation and source records below.
Money Gate (separate 20-point gate)
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | 2.17 | 2.50 |
| Food / 4 | — | 0.50 |
| Housing / Land / 4 | — | 0.25 |
| Healthcare / 4 | — | 1.75 |
| Transportation / 4 | — | 0.00 |
| Water / Energy / 4 | — | 0.00 |
Category point adjustment: +0.33 category points
Updated reasoning
- Food
- WFP documents food insecurity and targeted support, not universal household food provision.
- Housing / Land
- Housing quality varies with location and disaster risk; no universal no-payment family housing programme established in this review.
- Healthcare
- Nepal law recognizes no-payment basic health care, yet WHO documents medical supply and out-of-pocket gaps.
- Transport
- Road projects aim to reduce time/cost; everyday transport remains price- and distance-gated.
- Water / Energy
- Water-system reliability varies and electricity projects expand billable service; no nationwide free water-and-energy baseline demonstrated.
Earlier reasoning
Transitional proxy or benchmark; no invented five-part direct audit.
Sources archived after the change (7)
The headline TBF Abundance Score changed after the underlying published country dataset changed.
TBF points-65.71 → -65.98
Earlier score events did not preserve an exact category-by-category diff. Review detailed category change events recorded after the new history audit was activated.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #144 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.98
Countries that moved ahead of this country (4)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis #145 → #144; points -65.71 → -65.71
- Laos #146 → #145; points -65.76 → -65.76
- Puerto Rico #147 → #146; points -65.87 → -65.87
- Estonia #148 → #147; points -65.95 → -65.95
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#148 → #149National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #148 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#148 → #149National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that moved ahead of this country (1)
- Zambia #151 → #148; points -66.31 → -65.97
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#149 → #148National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #149 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#149 → #148National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Senegal #143 → #150; points -65.32 → -66.29
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #148 to #147 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Sri Lanka #119 → #170; points -63.30 → -68.27
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#147 → #146National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #147 to #146 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#147 → #146National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Puerto Rico #144 → #206; points -65.87 → -74.42
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#146 → #145National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #146 to #145 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#146 → #145National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- China #122 → #172; points -63.75 → -68.85
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#145 → #144National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #145 to #144 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#145 → #144National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Russia #77 → #149; points -59.04 → -66.52
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#144 → #143National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 18 Oct 2026 · 19:30 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #144 to #143 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #143National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Japan #105 → #240
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#143 → #142National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 18 Oct 2026 · 19:30 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #143 to #142 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#143 → #142National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- South Korea #116 → #240
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#142 → #141National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #142 to #141 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#142 → #141National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Mongolia #129 → #238; points -64.72 → -64.72
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#141 → #140National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #141 to #140 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#141 → #140National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Kyrgyzstan #131 → #236
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#140 → #139National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 18 Oct 2026 · 19:30 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #140 to #139 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#140 → #139National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Botswana #113 → #231; points -62.99 → -62.99
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#139 → #138National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 18 Oct 2026 · 19:30 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #139 to #138 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#139 → #138National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Moldova #103 → #236; points -61.81 → -61.81
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#138 → #137National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #138 to #137 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#138 → #137National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- North Macedonia #86 → #238; points -59.97 → -59.97
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#137 → #136National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #137 to #136 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#137 → #136National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Italy #34 → #230
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#136 → #135National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 19 Oct 2026 · 11:19 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #136 to #135 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#136 → #135National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Laos #133 → #232; points -65.76 → -65.76
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#135 → #134National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 19 Oct 2026 · 11:19 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #135 to #134 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#135 → #134National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Rwanda #113 → #238; points -63.72 → -63.72
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#134 → #133National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #134 to #133 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#134 → #133National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Namibia #124 → #234
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#133 → #132National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #133 to #132 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#133 → #132National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Mauritius #74 → #231
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#132 → #131National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #132 to #131 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#132 → #131National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Brunei #15 → #220; points -50.29 → -50.29
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#131 → #130National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #131 to #130 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#131 → #130National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Tokelau #2 → #241
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#130 → #129National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #130 to #129 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#130 → #129National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- San Marino #3 → #236
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #131 to #129 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#131 → #129National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (2)
- San Marino #4 → #236; points -47.91 → -47.91
- Tokelau #2 → #241
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#129 → #128National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #129 to #128 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#129 → #128National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Falkland Islands #3 → #217
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#128 → #127National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #128 to #127 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#128 → #127National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Liechtenstein #3 → #223; points -48.73 → -48.73
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#127 → #126National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #127 to #126 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#127 → #126National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon #6 → #235
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#126 → #125National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 20 Oct 2026 · 08:33 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #126 to #125 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#126 → #125National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Montenegro #48 → #227; points -57.74 → -57.74
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#125 → #124National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #125 to #124 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#125 → #124National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Barbados #62 → #206
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#124 → #123National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 20 Oct 2026 · 08:33 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #124 to #123 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#124 → #123National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Maldives #44 → #221
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#123 → #122National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #123 to #122 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#123 → #122National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Fiji #85 → #209
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#122 → #121National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 20 Oct 2026 · 08:33 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #122 to #121 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#122 → #121National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Suriname #89 → #236
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#121 → #120National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #121 to #120 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#121 → #120National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Andorra #9 → #196; points -49.97 → -49.97
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#120 → #119National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #120 to #119 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#120 → #119National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Bhutan #70 → #197; points -59.75 → -59.75
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#119 → #118National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 20 Oct 2026 · 08:33 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #119 to #118 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#119 → #118National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Belize #84 → #194
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#118 → #117National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
Held through 20 Oct 2026 · 08:33 GMT-0500; 2 identical observations condensed for display, all source records retained.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #118 to #117 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#118 → #117National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Serbia #52 → #231
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#117 → #116National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #116 to #115 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#116 → #115National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Slovenia #64 → #232
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #117 to #116 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#117 → #116National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Latvia #52 → #212
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#116 → #114National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #117 to #114 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#117 → #114National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (3)
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #115 to #114 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#115 → #114National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Georgia #95 → #203
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#114 → #113National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #114 to #113 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#114 → #113National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Armenia #79 → #186
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#113 → #112National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #112 to #111 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#112 → #111National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Lithuania #49 → #213
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #113 to #112 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#113 → #112National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Guyana #72 → #204
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#112 → #124National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #111 to #124 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#111 → #124National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Positions first recorded above (not confirmed rank jumps) (13)
- Mauritius First recorded here at #63; earlier position unavailable
- Bhutan First recorded here at #67; earlier position unavailable
- Guyana First recorded here at #71; earlier position unavailable
- Japan First recorded here at #77; earlier position unavailable
- Fiji First recorded here at #79; earlier position unavailable
- Belize First recorded here at #83; earlier position unavailable
- Suriname First recorded here at #85; earlier position unavailable
- Moldova First recorded here at #90; earlier position unavailable
- Rwanda First recorded here at #97; earlier position unavailable
- Georgia First recorded here at #105; earlier position unavailable
- Botswana First recorded here at #106; earlier position unavailable
- Mongolia First recorded here at #116; earlier position unavailable
- Namibia First recorded here at #117; earlier position unavailable
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#124 → #134National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #124 to #134 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#124 → #134National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Positions first recorded above (not confirmed rank jumps) (10)
- Lithuania First recorded here at #46; earlier position unavailable
- Montenegro First recorded here at #47; earlier position unavailable
- South Korea First recorded here at #48; earlier position unavailable
- Latvia First recorded here at #54; earlier position unavailable
- Barbados First recorded here at #57; earlier position unavailable
- Slovenia First recorded here at #68; earlier position unavailable
- Serbia First recorded here at #73; earlier position unavailable
- Armenia First recorded here at #86; earlier position unavailable
- North Macedonia First recorded here at #90; earlier position unavailable
- Kyrgyzstan First recorded here at #128; earlier position unavailable
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#134 → #137National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #134 to #144 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#134 → #144National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Positions first recorded above (not confirmed rank jumps) (10)
- Tokelau First recorded here at #2; earlier position unavailable
- San Marino First recorded here at #4; earlier position unavailable
- Falkland Islands First recorded here at #5; earlier position unavailable
- Liechtenstein First recorded here at #6; earlier position unavailable
- Saint Pierre and Miquelon First recorded here at #10; earlier position unavailable
- Andorra First recorded here at #14; earlier position unavailable
- Brunei First recorded here at #15; earlier position unavailable
- Italy First recorded here at #36; earlier position unavailable
- Maldives First recorded here at #51; earlier position unavailable
- Russia First recorded here at #75; earlier position unavailable
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #134 to #137 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#134 → #137National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Positions first recorded above (not confirmed rank jumps) (3)
- San Marino First recorded here at #3; earlier position unavailable
- Liechtenstein First recorded here at #4; earlier position unavailable
- Brunei First recorded here at #11; earlier position unavailable
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (2)
- Kazakhstan Previously #120; no longer ranked in this snapshot
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#137 → #145National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #144 to #145 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #145National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries previously above that are no longer ranked (1)
- Algeria Previously #125; no longer ranked in this snapshot
Recorded rank movement.
Rank#145 → #146National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #145 to #146 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#145 → #146National score-65.98 → -65.98
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer crossing can be confirmed from the two archived ranking snapshots.
Every recorded change
Each archived event is preserved. Category details and sources begin from the first detailed country snapshot; older records remain visible without invented comparisons.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #147 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#147 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #147 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#147 → #149National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #148 to #147 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#148 → #147National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #149 to #148 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#149 → #148National score-65.71 → -65.71
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
No peer movements were archived for this older rank event.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #153 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#153 → #149National score-65.11 → -65.71
Countries that fell below this country (5)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis #132 → #150; points -62.90 → -65.71
- Estonia #136 → #152; points -63.52 → -65.97
- Ghana #152 → #153; points -65.04 → -66.28
- Dominica #149 → #157; points -64.51 → -66.51
- Aruba #151 → #161; points -64.73 → -67.27
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability supporting evidence, citations, notes or rails changed without changing the category total.
Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability
| Category field | Before | After |
|---|---|---|
| Published category score | -27.00 | -27.00 |
Category point adjustment: 0.00 category points
Recorded reasoning
Live-reviewed from the Nepal 2026-10-02 research package. Capacity, reach, friction and return/regeneration are scored separately; national monetary gatekeeping is applied only at the overall-score stage.
Sources archived before (2)
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
Sources archived after the change (2)
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #151 to #149 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#151 → #149National score-65.11 → -65.71
Countries that fell below this country (4)
- Saint Kitts and Nevis #127 → #150; points -62.90 → -65.71
- Estonia #132 → #152; points -63.52 → -65.97
- Ghana #150 → #153; points -65.04 → -66.28
- Dominica #147 → #157; points -64.51 → -66.51
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
Rank#152 → #148National score-65.11 → -65.71
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #153 to #151 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#153 → #151National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (2)
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #154 to #153 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#154 → #153National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- New Zealand #150 → #155; points -64.65 → -64.65
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #153 to #154 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#153 → #154National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that moved ahead of this country (1)
- South Africa #157 → #141; points -65.56 → -63.77
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
TBF Abundance rank moved up from #154 to #153 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#154 → #153National score-65.11 → -65.11
Rank moved while this country’s points stayed unchanged.
Countries that fell below this country (1)
- Puerto Rico #147 → #158; points -64.37 → -65.67
This older event recorded only one side of the movement. Other crossing countries were not archived and cannot be reliably named.
First detailed category snapshot. Earlier category-by-category changes were not recorded and cannot be reconstructed from current values.
14 category values captured as the first detailed baseline. No earlier category change is being invented.
Open the captured category scores
Money Gate (separate 20-point gate)2.17Nepal: Durability, Repair & Material Return research finding ↗ Education & Human Capability32.25Nepal: Education & Human Capability research finding ↗ Energy & Household Capability43.50Nepal: Energy & Household Capability research finding ↗ Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability-27.00Nepal: Family Formation, Continuity & Child Stability research finding ↗ Marriage-law status review ↗2025-06-02 Food, Nourishment & Free Food Abundance29.50Nepal: Food, Nourishment & Free Food Abundance research finding ↗ Health & Care Reach27.25Nepal: Health & Care Reach research finding ↗ Housing, Shelter & Housing Reach28.50Nepal: Housing, Shelter & Housing Reach research finding ↗ Human Time & Burden Return16.75Nepal: Human Time & Burden Return research finding ↗ Justice, Safety & Institutional Friction28.50Nepal: Justice, Safety & Institutional Friction research finding ↗ Land Access & Spatial Freedom30.75Nepal: Land Access & Spatial Freedom research finding ↗ Living Ground, Biodiversity & Resilience38.75Nepal: Living Ground, Biodiversity & Resilience research finding ↗ Mobility & Reachability21.00Nepal: Mobility & Reachability research finding ↗ Peace of Mind, Happiness, Beauty & Delight33.25Nepal: Peace of Mind, Happiness, Beauty & Delight research finding ↗ Water & Sanitation Abundance29.75Nepal: Water & Sanitation Abundance research finding ↗
No individual archived source links were captured for this observation.
Durability, Repair & Material Return17.50Sources at first snapshot (1)
Nepal has a national solid-waste policy track built around reduce, reuse and recycle, but municipal capacity and financing remain uneven; earlier World Bank projects expanded collection substantially in participating cities rather than establishing nationwide circularity.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Nepal has sustained broad school access through its School Education Sector Plan, but 2026 financing partners still identify foundational learning as a pressing challenge and call for stronger literacy, numeracy and skills outcomes.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Grid distribution reliability remains uneven enough to justify a $120m reliability project. Money gate: Electricity is tariff-gated; affordability burden needs current household data.
Sources at first snapshot (2)
Reach: Net migration is strongly negative and domestic employment opportunity is constrained. Money gate: Family livelihood security is tied to overseas earnings and money transfers.
Nationwide same-sex marriage recognition recorded by Pew Research Center; this is a legal-status observation, not a measured fertility effect.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Mountain/remoteness, hazards and market access create distribution gaps. Money gate: Food access remains income/market dependent; WFP still treats access and nutrition as material challenges.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Medicine shortages, uneven facility distribution, NCD gaps and pollution reduce effective access. Money gate: WHO documents out-of-pocket payment caused by constrained free-medicine availability.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Quality, seismic resilience, water and sewer services vary sharply by place. Money gate: Construction/land/repair affordability evidence needs a current dedicated housing-cost source.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Access to secure domestic livelihoods is uneven; migration substitutes for domestic opportunity. Money gate: Employment and migration are strongly money-gated; remittances equal about 26% of GDP.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
The 2025 World Justice Project index places Nepal at 0.52 overall and 72nd of 143, with civil justice notably weaker than several other factors. Functioning institutions therefore coexist with substantial justice friction.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Land fragmentation, tenure inequality and terrain limit practical access. Money gate: FAO program explicitly targets equitable access to resources, indicating remaining friction.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: High multi-hazard exposure and forest degradation/fragmentation. Money gate: Resilience investment remains partly dependent on public and external finance.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Mountain terrain, landslides, maintenance and rural last-mile access constrain reliability. Money gate: Transport time/cost remain access frictions; project explicitly aims to reduce both.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Kathmandu Valley/Terai air pollution substantially harms lived environmental quality. Money gate: Tourism/recreation access often involves transport and fees; national free-access evidence not established.
Sources at first snapshot (1)
Reach: Quality/reliability and disaster damage remain major gaps. Money gate: Household connection and maintenance burdens vary; precise tariff burden not yet captured.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #144 to #154 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#144 → #154National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #143 to #144 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#143 → #144National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #140 to #143 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#140 → #143National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
TBF Abundance rank moved down from #57 to #140 as the published ranking changed. The country-data update clock did not move unless its own dataset also changed.
Rank#57 → #140National score— → —
Peer identities were not stored for this older rank event; missing before/after rankings cannot be reconstructed.
The headline TBF Abundance Score changed after the underlying published country dataset changed.
TBF points-65.11 → -65.71
Earlier score events did not preserve an exact category-by-category diff. Review detailed category change events recorded after the new history audit was activated.
The headline TBF Abundance Score changed after the underlying published country dataset changed.
TBF points-63.83 → -65.11
Earlier score events did not preserve an exact category-by-category diff. Review detailed category change events recorded after the new history audit was activated.
Recovered scorecard-history timestamp for when this profile entered the public Abundance table.
Recovered project-history clock for this country dataset/research package. Rank movement is recorded separately and does not rewrite this time.
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